Symmetric double-headed aminopyridines, a novel strategy for potent and membrane-permeable inhibitors of neuronal nitric oxide synthase

J Med Chem. 2011 Apr 14;54(7):2039-48. doi: 10.1021/jm101071n. Epub 2011 Mar 16.

Abstract

We report novel neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitors based on a symmetric double-headed aminopyridine scaffold. The inhibitors were designed from crystal structures of leads 1 and 2 (Delker, S. L.; Ji, H.; Li, H.; Jamal, J.; Fang, J.; Xue, F.; Silverman, R. B.; Poulos, T. L. Unexpected binding modes of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors effective in the prevention of cerebral palsy . J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 5437-5442) and synthesized using a highly efficient route. The best inhibitor, 3j, showed low nanomolar inhibitory potency and modest isoform selectivity. It also exhibited enhanced membrane permeability. Inhibitor 3j binds to both the substrate site and the pterin site in nNOS but only to the substrate site in eNOS. These compounds provide a basis for further development of novel, potent, isoform selective, and bioavailable inhibitors for nNOS.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aminopyridines / chemistry*
  • Aminopyridines / metabolism
  • Aminopyridines / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Cell Membrane Permeability*
  • Drug Design*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / metabolism
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Models, Molecular
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / chemistry
  • Protein Conformation
  • Rats

Substances

  • Aminopyridines
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I